Palestinians are now ‘illegal residents’
by Amira Hass
October 14, 2003
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One of the questions raised immediately after it became clear that for the most part, the separation fence would not be built along the length of the Green Line, but in fact somewhere to the east of it, was the fate of the Palestinians living to the west of the fence. As of now, this fate is shared by approximately 12,000 persons living in 15 Palestinian villages and towns, from Salim in the northern West Bank to Mas’ha, to the south of Qalqilyah (near the settlement of Elkana). They are shut in between the separation fence to the east, and the Green Line to the west. As construction of the fence continues, deep into the territory of the West Bank, more Palestinians will find themselves in this situation.
Additionally, the fence affects the lives of tens of thousands of other people, whose homes are east of the fence, and whose land, on which they earn their livelihood, is to the west. All told, according to the findings of the Palestinian Department of Negotiations, the route that the first stage of the fence will take (up to Elkana on the south) has so far cut off from the West Bank about 100,000 dunams (25,000 acres) of Palestinian-owned land, some of which is settled, most of which is farmland.
The issues are real; already, the most serious concerns have been proven true. Even before the Palestinians had a chance to come to terms with the loss of their land for the sake of the series of fortifications that is known as the “obstacle,” they discovered that their ordinary lives had been completely disrupted – that it was possible to further disrupt their already disrupted reality of internal closures in the West Bank, curfews on cities and villages and military attacks. Farmers cannot make their way to their land; hothouses and orchards have been destroyed; olives are left unpicked; teachers and students fail to get to school because the gate of the separation fence is not opened on time; feed for the livestock does not arrive consistently – and the animals are being sold or slaughtered, or left to die; water pipes for drinking or irrigation have been cut; siblings and parents are not permitted to visit; garbage trucks are unable to complete their routes; cesspits are not being drained on time. All of the above examples have been documented, with a hundred different variations, in all of these trapped communities.
A bureaucratic, official answer to the question was given last week. The regular disruption of ordinary life will henceforth be defined and delineated in a series of new army orders. They will gradually apply to tens of thousands of additional Palestinians that will soon find themselves living or working between the fence and the State of Israel. The latest army orders create a new category of Palestinian resident – “long-term resident” – a category that distinguishes between Palestinians living west of the fence and those living to its east, a new classification that will command the attentions of the swelling Israeli military bureaucracy.
Permit required from age 12
At the end of last week, residents of the villages that are trapped between the fence and the Green Line, in the Tul Karm and Qalqilyah districts, found that the army had distributed forms that bore the heading: “Israel Defense Forces, Security Directives Order (Judea and Samaria) (No. 378) 1970.” They found the forms taped to the gates of the separation fence, or on electricity poles, or on the concrete blocks of the manned army roadblocks, or tossed next to the door of the local grocery store.
They found four types of forms, all of which referred to Order No. 378: signed on one form was the name of Major General Moshe Kaplinski, the commander of IDF forces in Judea and Samaria, dated October 2, 2003. It is an “Announcement of the closure of territory.” In it, Kaplinski declares the closure of the seam zone; and the seam zone is “all of the territory that is bounded by the obstacle, which is marked on the (enclosed) map with a red line, in the direction of the State of Israel.” The obstacle, Kaplinski defines, consists of “fences, walls and patrol paths that are meant to prevent terror attacks and prevent the entry of assailants from Judea and Samaria into the State of Israel.”
The meaning of the closure: “A. An individual will not enter the seam zone and will not stay there; B. An individual found in the seam zone will have to leave it immediately.” This prohibition does not apply to: “1: An Israeli; 2: Anyone who has received a permit … to enter the seam zone and stay there … ” Kaplinski also defines `Israeli’: “A. A citizen of Israel; B. A resident of Israel who is listed in the Population Registry of Israel; C. Anyone entitled to immigrate to Israel according to the Law of Return.”
The non-Israelis for whom this announcement of closure of territory